bahasa inggris

BAB 3 HORTATORY EXPOSITION
A. DEFINITION OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION
A Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done. To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or writer needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea. In other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc. Hortatory expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated people.
A. PURPOSE OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION
The purpose of hortatory exposition text is to argue for or against a particular position or point of view and it propose a suggestion at the argumentation and to persuade the readers or listeners that something should or should not be the case.

B. GENERIC STRUCTURE OF HORTATORY EXPOSOTION
1. Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern.
2. Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation.
3. Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments.
Example Corruption
Thesis
(Announcement of issue concern)
Do you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money and corruption? Well, corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it is quite shocking when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.


Argument 1
The survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend to do such a thing more often. They even bribe the officials.

Argument 2
Well, I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the corruptors is still not far enough. We have to prevent the younger generations from getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.

Recommendation
I believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone should be involved in the effort to eradicate corruption. We must not make any distinction.
Adapted from: The Jakarta Post, February 2005


C. GENERIC FEATURES OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION
1. Hortatory exposition focuses on generic human and non human participants, except for speaker or writer referring to self.
2. 2.It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc.
3. It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has polluted… etc.
4. It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.
5.Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly …, Finally, etc.
D. LANGUAGE FEATURE OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION
1. Focusing on the writer
2. Using abstract noun; policy, advantage, etc
3. Using action verb
4. Using thinking verb
5. Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc
6. Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, etc
7. Using evaluative words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc
8. Using passive voice
9. Using simple present tense

E. Read the other examples:
Hortatory Exposition
• Text Types in Non-Fiction Writing
• Accessory for Vehicle Front Section
• Example of Hortatory Text about Proposing Gesang as National Hero
• Example of Hortatory Text in Tourism Benefit on Local People
• Example of Hortatory Text in Letter to Editor
• Text Types in Three Main Genres
• Should not Bring Mobile Phone to School; a Hortatory Text Sample
• NEVER TRY SMOKING; a Hortatory Sample
• Hortatory Example in Wearing Helmet
• Reading Hortatory Text
• Hortatory Example in Public Awareness
• Example of Hortatory Exposition in Watching TV
• More Dust Bins is Cleaner; example of hortatory
• Where should be after High School?; a hortatory text
• TEXT TYPES; a complete overview
• Millions from Property Market; a hortatory exposition text
• Removing Lead from Petrol; a hortatory exposition text
F. EXAMPLE OF HORTATORY EXPOSITION
“REMOVING LEAD FROM PETROL”
In all the discussion over the removal of lead from petrol (and the atmosphere) there doesn't seem to have been any mention of the difference between driving in the city and the country.
While I realize my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you travel through the country, where you only see the another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.
Those who want to penalize older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners don't seem to appreciate that, in the country, there is no public transport to fall back upon and one's own vehicle is the only way to get about.
I feel that the country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who already spend a great deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who live in the city.